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2D and M-Mode Echocardiographic evaluation of dogs with canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infections [manuscript]
(2018) Mikko Angelo G. Reyes; TBD Supervisor
The study evaluated the cardiac functions of dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis infection, using 2D and M-mode ultrasonography. A total of 15 heartworm positive adult dogs tested using MCT, aged 3.8+2.62 years old, weighed 9.78+4.99kg, with body composition score of 4.73+1.06 were examined. Among the 15 animals only six (40%) have clinical symptoms, animals are then prepared for ultrasonography evaluation. Adult canine heartworms (HW) were visible as two parallel lines separated by a very thin hypoechoic center located within the right pulmonary artery. Sometimes extending to the main pulmonary artery and right ventricle. HW was visible only in ten (60.67%) dogs with varying worm loads. The results of this study showed that there were alterations in some chamber measurements and functions and right pulmonary artery distensibility index of heartworm positive dogs based on their body weight and the established reference values.
2D and M-Mode Echocardiographic evaluation of dogs with canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infections [manuscript]
(2018) Mikko Angelo G. Reyes; TBD Supervisor
The study evaluated the cardiac functions of dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis infection, using 2D and M-mode ultrasonography. A total of 15 heartworm positive adult dogs tested using MCT, aged 3.8+2.62 years old, weighed 9.78+4.99kg, with body composition score of 4.73+1.06 were examined. Among the 15 animals only six (40%) have clinical symptoms, animals are then prepared for ultrasonography evaluation. Adult canine heartworms (HW) were visible as two parallel lines separated by a very thin hypoechoic center located within the right pulmonary artery. Sometimes extending to the main pulmonary artery and right ventricle. HW was visible only in ten (60.67%) dogs with varying worm loads. The results of this study showed that there were alterations in some chamber measurements and functions and right pulmonary artery distensibility index of heartworm positive dogs based on their body weight and the established reference values.
A case study on the roles and responsibilities of sangguniang Kabataan during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Science City of Muñoz
(2023) Frans Norman D. Balmeo
Covid -19 epidemic has had a significant impact on the operations of businesses and the people who work in both the public and private sectors when it first arrived in the Philippines. Millions' long-term livelihoods and well-being are in jeopardy due to social and economic disruption in addition to the threat to public health (De Jesus et.al, 2021). The study aims to assess the performance of Sangguniang Kabataan of Muñoz, during the pandemic as regards mandated duties and responsibilities by the Local Government Code (LGC). Specifically, it may answer the following questions (1) What are the projects and programs implemented by Muñoz 5K's during pandemic. The researcher used a descriptive research design aims to obtain data that has been used to describe a specific phenomenon or situation to satisfy the objective of the study and sampling method that has been used by the researcher is purposive sampling. This purposive sampling is a kind of non-probability sampling wherein it is also known as judgmental, selective or subjective sampling. Sangguniang kabataan were able fulfill some of their role and responsibilities but not that impactful in the needs of the people during the pandemic. Some of the project are the basic necessities of the people like relief foods, school materials. There is no specific project in for youth and some project that are not related with the needs of the youth like installation of Metal Vinyll Sticker Signages, distribute chess mats, V320, volleyball net, ordinary volleyball and street lights and most of the SKs faced lack of budget in implementing their project and programs. Based on the findings, during the pandemic Sangguniang Kabataan of Muñoz was able to create following projects and programs like providing relief foods, facemask, create DIY face shields, alcohol, 200 scholarship grants of 5K from Villa Isla, school supplies such laptops, tables, flash drive, headset, free WIFI, load for mobile hotspot , online class kit, mobile legend tournament, found raising called "Ambagan:, "Bakuran ko, gulayan ko". Some of them volunteered as COVID watchers, installed street lights, milk for the kids, 2 movable tents, distribution of chess mats, V320 brand ball for volleyball, volleyball net and ordinary volleyball, suicide prevention series post, #KabataanKnowYourRights, Installation of metal vinyl sticker signage and lastly and community pantry. Additionally, the challenges confronted by the 5K officials during the pandemic was lack of budget which hampered the 5K's programs and activities. Especially that we are facing a pandemic that time, most 5K's programs and activities. Especially that we are facing a pandemic that time, most 5K's stated that they are using out of packet and barangay funds to buy some relief foods and school materials for students who take online classes, that caused them not able to implement certain programs and activities due to lack of funds. The researcher proposed that since most of the projects and programs implemented by Muñoz SK's during pandemic is more on the essentials needs of the people like, relief foods and schools materials it will be better if they focus more on the mental health of the youth like they conduct some online courses or seminar that is related with the youth, activities like entertainment like, Tiktok dance, singing contest, drawing/painting that will divert their attention from their stressful environment and daily routine. In addition to that, some of the projects of Sangguninag Kabataan of Muñoz is not related or helpful during that time, it could be better if they use those budgets to buy more relief food stocks and focus more on the basic needs like the welfare of their community like on the health services by free basic medicine or low-cost medicine program and educating their community on the importance of vaccination. The researcher recommends for the future study to include all the barangay from Muñoz, and include the youth as a respondent to check further if they are satisfied with the service and to know if all the Sangguniang Kabataan of Muñoz is fulfilling their roles and responsibilities.
A comparison of the intergenerational educational attainment and income, and young adult's motivation among selected families from barangay Pinagpanaan, Talavera, Nueva Ecija
(2023) Caeira E. Mariano
This study used a mixed method to gather qualitative and quantitative data. The study aims to answer the following; (1) Socio-demographic profile of the respondents in terms of; sex, age, marital status, highest educational attainment, and income, (2) to determine the involvement of the parent in the offspring's educational attainment and economic self-sufficiency, (3) to determine the parent's highest educational attainment and their monthly income, (4) to identify the association between the parent's education and income to young adult's education and income, (5) To determine the motivation of young adults with their educational achievement. this study was conducted in the 2nd semester of the school year 2022-2023 in Baranggay Pinapanaan, Talavera, Nueva Ecija. The respondents are classified as young adults with an age range of 22 to 34 years old. In qualitative data, participants are identified as young adults and attain college level. Through the use of a survey questionnaire and an open-ended interview, the researcher gathered qualitative and quantitative data. In terms of data analysis, SPSS, Inferential and Spearmen correlation were used. Moreover, thematic analysis was used for the qualitative data. From the sixty-nine respondents, the association between parental involvement and young adult's educational attainment is significant and the young adult's educational attainment is higher than their parents. The interview reveals the participants' intrinsic and extrinsic motivations. Overall, parents and their children are different in educational attainment but parental involvement and motivation can give a direct influence on their educational attainment.
A NARRATIVE ANALYSIS ON THE EXPERIENCES OF SUICIDE ATTEMPT: THE CASE OF 2 COLLEGE STUDENTS
(2018) Jhomel V. Abelende and Rizzalyn D. Bumatay
Suicide among college students is a long problem and has received considerable attention within the field of suicidology and beyond. The identification of suicide, suicide attempt, and theories related to college student suicide all reflect the solid basis of research that has been completed on college student suicide. In an attempt to further understand suicide among colege students, the current study employed a narrative methodological approach, one that explores suicide through college student suicide attempt survivors and utilized a qualitative method for data analysis. the use of episodic narratives was used as a way to seek detailed narrative accounts about the participants' experiences (related to when they started the attempt and when they ended). Results of the study built upon previous research and provided important implications for both the treatment of college student suicide attempt survivors (and other at-risk students) and suicide prevention efforts on college campuses.
A qualitative study about single Mothers
(2018) Ednalyn R. Ferrer
The study entitled. "A Qualitative Study about Single Mothers" explore the challenges faced by single mothers, support system and outlook in life. It is also provide insights dealing with those problems and also to determine the aspects of absence of one parent such as separation, death of husband and being unmarried. Further, in the data collected reveals these single mothers has strong determination in facing challenges such as judgement in single mothers, criticism, emotional and financial problem. Despite of trials faced by single mothers they gain positive in the precess to gain a better understanding of how events and life experiences shaped and influenced the persistence of participants.
A SECURE AND ROBUST NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE AT MUÑOZ NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (MAIN) – SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
(2023-08-30) Cagawan, John Michael; Carurucan, June B.; Saveret, Kyle Zyrelle; TBD Supervisor
This paper presented the project on network connectivity in the Academic Building 4 of Muñoz National High School (Main) – Senior High School, under the Division of Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija. Initially, the project primarily aimed to transform the school’s learning environment by implementing cutting-edge Wireless Access Points across the building. This seamless wireless network offered endless opportunities for students and teachers, fostering creativity and deeper comprehension of complex subjects. MNHS (Main) – SHS also recognized the importance of a reliable wired network, ensuring swift data transfer and robust communication capabilities through a carefully orchestrated Local Area Network (LAN) connection. The school aimed to cultivate a unified and interconnected learning ecosystem, fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange among students and educators. Additionally, a file-sharing system was proposed to improve productivity, enhance communication, and save time in transferring data without the use of flash drives. As technology advances, safeguarding users from potential cyber threats becomes a paramount responsibility. To address this, the school committed to cybersecurity by integrating a cutting-edge firewall into its network infrastructure to strengthen defenses against unauthorized access and protect digital resources.
A thematic analysis of faculty members' lived experiences, challenges, and coping mechanisms amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic
(2023) Maila T. Palpal-Latoc
This study aims to uncover and explore the underlying themes depicting faculty memebers' lived experiences, and their coping mechanisms amidst COVID-19 pandemic The researcher also used semi-structured interview as research instrument to gather in-depth data. meanwhile, the researcher used thematic analysis to interpret the gathered data. Based on the findings of the study, teachers have negative and positive experiences while teaching remotely during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some participants viewed distance learning as a threat to quality education, while some viewed it as an opportunity. With the challenges they have faced, the participants utilized several coping strategies to survive the unprecedented crisis brought about by pandemic. The findings revealed that professors have positive and negative experiences during remote teaching in the new normal education. Teachers had many difficulties during distance learning yet, they developed a resilient attitude toward teaching in the new normal.
ACADEMIC RESILIENCE AND NEED FOR COGNITION AMONG EXTENDED STUDENTS OF CLSU
(2018) Christine Grace G. Agustin
This study examined correlations between Academic Resilience and Need for Cognition. In total, one hundred thirteen extended students (age 21 to 23, 39 were male and 74 were female), took part of the study distributed by researcher among extended college students of CLSU. Pearson-r correlation and descriptive statistic were used to examine the relationship of Academic Resilience and Need for Cognition, Results shows that there is a negative high significant but weak relationship between Academic Resilience and Need for Cognition.
Activated-charcoal on the water quality of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) culture [manuscript]
(2018) Christopher A. Fernandez
A 30-day experiment was conducted to determine the effect of powdered activated-charcoal in teabag on water quality of red tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) specifically on ammonia. Four treatments were used and replicated thrice: Treatment 1 (control), Treatment 2 (10 grams of activated-charcoal), Treatment 3 (20 grams of activated-charcoal) and Treatment 4 (30 grams of activated-charcoal). At the of the experiment treatments in the variables of temperature, pH and total ammonia nitrogen have no significant differences. Also the calculated nitrite and nitrate means were not significant different to all treatments. Dissolved oxygen showed significant difference (P<0.05) in T1 to all treatment, the same with T2 it is significant different o all treatment. T3 and T4 were not significantly different but significantly different to T1 and T2, it is might due to the imbalance pressure of the aerator pump in the wet laboratory. Regarding the fish survival, T1 has the highest rate due to the very fine particles of activated-charcoal that comes out in teabag once it was soaked in the water. Very fine particles of activated-charcoal settle at the bottom and considered waste that accumulates and might be porous that could have an effect to the experimental fish.
Adaptability of legume crops under different salinity levels
(1989) Arak Chantuma
The study involved two experiments aimed to compare the performance of four field legumes soybean, mungbean, cowpea, and white bean grown under different salinity levels, 0, 3000, 6000, and 9000 ppm (experiment 1) and to determine the effect of chicken manure application on soybean and mungbean grown under different salinity levels, 0, 6000, and 9000 ppm (experiment 2). In both experiments, sodium chloride was used as the source of salts. The experiments were conducted at the screenhouse of the Department of Soil Science, College of agriculture, Central Luzon State University, Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines from January to May 1989. In experiment 1, the results showed that the germination, plant height, yield components, dry matter yield, and seedyield of all field legumes were significantly affected by salinity levels. On the average, percent germination 15 DAP was in the order of cowpea > white bean > mungbean > soybean with means of 90.00, 70.42, 64.38, and 50.62 percent, respectively. The germination of mungbean, soybean, and white bean was significantly reduced at 6000 and 9000 ppm but not at 3000 ppm. In contrast, the germination of cowpea was not significantly affected even at the highest salinity level of 9000 ppm. However, based on visual score done 28 DAP, soybean and cowpea appeared to be more tolerant to salinity than mungbean and white bean. White bean seemed to be the least tolerant to salinity among the field legumes as indicated by the zero survival of the plants on all salinized soils 45 DAP. Among the field legumes, soybean yielded the highest followed by cowpea, mungbean, and white bean with seedyield of 19.80, 15.10, 4.45, and 1.16 g/plot, respectively. At salinity level of 6000 ppm, the reduction in yield was 31.70, 68.70, 86.40, and 100.00 percent for soybean, cowpea, mungbean, and white bean, respectively. In experiment 2, results showed significant interaction between field legumes and salinity levels but not between salinity level and the application of chicken manure. The results further indicated that application of chicken manure did not improve the germination, yield components, dry matter yield, and seedyield of soybean and mungbean when the soil was salinized with NaC1 at 6,000 and 9,000 ppm.
Adolescent suicidal tendency: The role of attachment styles and self-discrepancy
(2018) Mikaella V. Dagdag and Karen Christine N. Santos
This quantitative descriptive-correlational study generally intended to know the relationship of socio demographic characteristics, suicide tendency, attachment style and self-discrepancy towards each other. The study hypothesized that the three main variables were significantly correlated towards each other and even with socio-demographic characteristics. Also, the study tends to determine if which of the attachment style is a predictor of suicide tendency. The obtained result from the study shows that the three main variables have no significant relationship towards each other. In exemption, avoidant attachment has a weak significant relationship towards suicide tendency which implies that this attachment could be a significant factor on one's tendency to commit suicide. Furthermore, in regression analysis avoidant attachment was also a significant predictor of suicide. On the other hand, sex and age have no significant relationship towards the three variables being explored. While for the relationship of school type and self-discrepancy both of the domains has a weak and moderate relationship to it. The result suggest that being in a public or private school could influence one's perspective on their obligations and responsibilities. Among the 8 respondents with the highest suicide tendency it was obtained that most of these respondents portray anxious attachment which predispose that being avoidant towards their parents could be a factor for the undesirable tendencies. The grade level of the screened respondents mostly falls at Grade 10 which might be a crucial level for every student when they are vulnerable to changelles and problems in life.
Adoption level of the COVID-19 Safety health protocols among CLSU's Social Science students
(2023) Jaztine Jay C. Sambrano
The COVI-19 pandemic has had far-reaching economic and public health implications worlwide (Cennimo & Stuart, 2021). Governments and organizations have implemented various measures to prevent the spread of the virus and reduce mortality rates, including wearing masks, practicing hand hygiene, maintaining social distance, and cancelling public events (WHO, 2022). The Philippines is one of the countries severely impacted by the pandemic, with a significant number of cases and deaths (Caldwell et al., 2021; DOH, 2022). The general objective of this study was to identify the level of adoption of COVID-19 safety health protocols among the CLSU's Social Sciences students. Specifically, the study aimed to (1) determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents in terms of sex, religion, and residence; (2) identify the communication attributes of the respondents, including communication media ownership, source of information, content of information received, utilization of information received, and benefits from the information received; (3) determine the frequency of exposure to information sources on COVID-19 safety health protocols among the respondents; (4) determine the association between socio-demographic characteristic, communication characteristics, frequency of exposure to information sources to the level of adoption of COVID-19 safety health protocols among the respondents. The findings showed that the majority of the students were Roman Catholic and lived in their residence 5 kilometers away from the city/municipal proper. The majority of respondents had access to newspapers and mobile devices were their main means of consuming broadcast material. Social media, particularly Facebook, was widely used for information dissemination. The main source of information for COVID-19 safety health protocols was from newspapers for print materials and mobile phones for broadcast materials. Interpersonal communication with family or friends was also a main source of information. The majority of the information received was basic knowledge about COVID-19 safety and health protocols and the respondents shared and followed the information received, which increased their knowledge and awareness. The study also found that most respondents were often exposed to various information sources, such as social media and interpersonal communication, while exposure to print materials, particularly newspapers, was seldom. Mobile phones had the highest exposure among broadcast materials and family or relatives had the highest interactions among interpersonal communication. Among the CLSU's Social Sciences students, the study found out that they were moderately adopted on the COVID-19 safety health protocols issued by the Department of Health and the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of emerging infectious diseases. The study found a significant relationship between sex and and the adoption level of COVID-19 safety health protocols among respondents, while religion and type of community had no impact. The ownership of television was the only factor affecting the adoption level and the source of information, including printed materials in newspapers and leaflets, social media platforms like twitter and Instagram, and interpersonal communication with health workers, played a role in the adoption as well. The content of the information such as basic knowledge of the protocols and their benefits and the use of information, such as sharing and following it, also had an impact of the adoption level. The study showed that the frequency of exposure to various information sources, including newspapers, television, radio, mobile phones, social media platforms and interpersonal communication, impacted the adoption level of COVID-19 safety protocols among the respondents. Thus the three hypotheses are rejected. Thus the three hypotheses are rejected.
Adoption of Leaf Color Chart by rice farmers in Nueva Ecija Province
(2007) Ofelia Campano-Malonzo
The study determined the adoption of Leaf Color Chart (LCC) by the rice farmers in Nueva Ecija with 128 rice farmers as respondents (64 trainees and 64 non-trainees). They represented 14 municipalities of Nueva Ecija. Data were obtained using the interview schedule. These were tabulated and analyzed using frequency counts, percentages, means, ranks, range, standard deviation, and Pearson's correlation coefficient particularly pair-wise deletion technique. Findings of the study showed that the mean age of the farmers was 50 years; reached high school and college, and have been into rice farming for 20.5 years. They have devoted 4.08 hectares of their farm to rice farming during the dry season and 3.89 hectares during the wet season. More (50.72%) of the farmer respondents did not avail of rice production loan than those who did from individual and private sources (49.22%). Moreover, 42.97 percent relied on extension workers for rice information and technologies, 28.9 percent relied on PhilRice, 23.44 percent relied on farmers and their own experiences, and 4.69 percent relied on private companies. Prior to the introduction to and use of LCC by the respondents in 2004, farmers devoted 4.08 and 3.89 hectares to rice during the dry season and wet season, respectively. Majority (80.48%) claimed they used quality seeds at an average seeding rate of 85.75 kilogram per hectare. The varieties they plant are PSBRc82, PSBRc18, PSBRc14, NSICRc122, and SL8-H. Their mean yeild is 114.81 cavans per hectare (cav/ha) during the dry season and 92.15 cav/ha. during the wet season. The farmers apply fertilizer at NPK rate of 103-39-33 and correspondingly spend P5,488.50 on fertilizer. Only one farmer asserted using organic fertilizer. Moreover, this study showed that 59.38 percent of the respondents were knowledgeable about LCC while 40.62 percent were not. They showed favorable attitude on LCC in terms of its relative advantage, complexity, triability, and observability. However, in terms of compatibility, farmers claimed non-conformity of their existing practices. They said that the use of LCC entails a new approach of nutrient management that is totally different (but not against) from their existing practices. Furthermore, adoption of LCC was low among the respondents at only 32.82 percent. In all stages of the technology diffusion process, interpersonal channels of communication were preferred by the farmers. Highly significant relationship of variables were found. These were between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and adoption, attitude and adoption, and adoption and yield. Meanwhile, both the adopters and non-adopters apply lower Nitrogen (N), Phosphorous (P), and Potassium (K) rate during season than the recommended rate in Nueva Ecija. However, the non-adoptions apply higher N than the recommended rate during the wet season. The adoters yield 12.17 cav/ha more than the non-adopters contributing additional income of P5,745.50 in commercial rice production and P45,475.00 in certified rice seed production. Among the identifies problems encountered in using LCC, the inappropriateness of the LCC for some rice varieties were identified as the most pressing. As such, PhilRice may establish a critical level for varieties with intrinsically lighter or darker leaves than most of the rice varieties.
Adventitious root formation of different varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) applied with plant growth regulators under flooded condition [manuscript]
(2020) John Jeric S. Leaño
This study evaluated the effects of Auxin and Cytokinin on growth and survival of different varieties of tomato under flooded conditions. Specifically, it aimed to evaluate varietal difference in adventitious root formation of tomato under flooded condition and to determine the effects of auxin and Cytokinin in adventitious root formation and elongation of flooded tomato. The treatment used were water regime as main plot WR1-0 day (non-waterlogged/control), WR2- 2 days (waterlogged) (Or until wilting. Variety as subplot VI- Diamante Max, V2-Rosanna, and V3-Apollo. Combination of auxin and Cytokinin as sub-sub plot C1-Untreated Control, C2- 0% auxin + 5% Cytokinin, C3 – 0% Auxin + 10% Cytokinin, C4- 0.125% Auxin + 0% Cytokinin, C5-0.125% Auxin + 5% Cytokinin, C6- 0.125% Auxin + 10% Cytokinin, C7- 025% Auxin + 0% Cytokinin, C8- 025% Auxin + 5% Cytokinin, C9- 025% Auxin + 10% Cytokinin. Treatments were arranged in split-split plot design in RCBD. Based on the results, combination of auxin and cytokinin did not improve the growth (plant dry weight) of different tomato varieties subjected to flooded condition. No varietal difference was found in terms of adventitious root formation 9number, length and dry weight) indicating that Diamante Max, Rosanna and Apollo have similar capacity.
After the storm [manuscript] : Survivors of father-daughter incest
(2018) Jethro P. Olanio and John Patrick B. Quick
The present study focuses on determining the conceptual context among experiences of incest victims whose perpetrators are their fathers. This is also about their coping mechanism on how they faced the terrible experiences they had encountered, and what they have to desire in the near future. This study consists of four respondents, each of them are victim of incest and curretly under care of a particular institution for rehabilitation of victims of exploitation. The respondents are in a stable condition which determined by the years they stayed in the institution, and secured by the institution for the fulfillment of tile of this study. The referral of the Social workers and Psychometrician was used in finding and selecting a participants. Thier responses was recorded in a digital recorder and transcribed verbatim and it was analyzed. The present study also used Pagdadala Model by Edwin Decenteceo (1997) as a theoretical framework to serve as a guide in analyzing data. The study formed a three concept or themed as a guide (challenges, coping strategies, future aspirations) and set as a flow of the result. Also thematic analysis (Boyatzi, 1998) was used on defining, analyzing and informing patterns of themes that was found through the gathered data. It shows that there are multiple burden the respondents carries through their life, like the incident itself, issue to their father and the community where they live, Impacts of the incident among respondents caused them to be destructive about themselves like drinking toxicated fluid and cutting themselves, but later on, with the help of the institution they changes their ways into a positive ways of coping, like turning their attention to their study and in a creative ways like drawing and playing with other residents. Social support or Kapwa nagdadala of Pagdadala Model (Decenteceo, 1997) was focused to determine who empowered the respondents to regain their strength and continued their life. there are several positive changes among the respondents after went through the programs and intervention from the institution like; they became strong, mature and they valued themselves and figured what would be their desires in the near future like; finishing studies, to have a job in able for them to live etc.
Agro-industry of San Jose City : its contribution to rural development
(2007) Hannah G. Ramos-Domingo
This study was conducted to assess the agro-industry of San Jose City, Nueva Ecija. The present status of four commodities such as rice, fish (tilapia), cattle and swine was studied. The indicators assessed were production, production technology and practices, processing and market information, access to support srvices by farmers in the city and stakeholder's role toward the development of agro-industry for rural development. Data were gathered through key informant interview (KII) and interview schedule. These data were confirmed in six focus group discussions with the commodity producers. Findings revealed that rice production in the city increased from the past years whereas total production for fish, cattle and swine production decreased. The high cost of inputs and low cost of produce were found to be the constraints in production. Also, processing in the city took the form of palay milling into rice, rice cake making, simple meat, and fish processing. Rice milling is the biggest industry in the city with Metro Manila as the market. Four commodities showed potential for further development because of existing production data and resources such as land and water. For cattle, fish and swine, production can still increase to meet the current demand of increasing population for the said commodities. The rice processing industry, on the other hand, can still be explored by value adding milled rice and developing rice cakes for pasalubong as the city is a cross-road to Isabela, Pangasinan and Metro Manila. In general, the agro-industry of San Jose City has contributed to the various indicators of rural development. Economically, the industries studied contributed not only in terms of food sufficiency and employment generation specifically in the rice processing sector. Farmers are also able to generate additional income from engaging in fish (tilapia), cattle, and swine production that in turn generate taxes for the LGU. Socially and culturally, migration patterns exist as employment is generated especially during harvest season. Furthermore, agro-industry has contributed to the physical development in the city particularly the establishment of farm-to-market roads and irrigation facilities. Based on these findings, recommendations were drawn in several aspects. These are on agro-industrial development planning, farmers' association/cooperatives, credit scheme, regulation of prices of production inputs, policy support against unfair trade systems, technical and financial assistance to processors, and support services.
Agronomic characteristics and grain physicochemical properties of special rice under CLSU condition [manuscript]
(2018) Maribelle P. Astejada
Sic special rice varieties/lines grown during dry season (December 2016 to April 2017) under CLSU condition were evaluated to; (i) determine their agronomic and yield characteristics; (ii) characterize grain physical attributes and milling qualities; (iii) determine cooking characteristics and physicochemical properties; (iv) measure degree of grain pigmentation; and (v) evaluate sensory attributes of raw and cooked rice of introduced special rice. Different varieties/lines were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results of this study revealed significant variations on different traits like agronomic and yield components among the varieties/lines. Grain yield was highest on Dujali Black (6.2 t/ha), CL-1 (5.9t/ha), Porac-1 (5.8t/ha) and Blonde Red (5.8t/ha). Grain quality characters like physical attributes of rice, CL-1 and CLH10-3-4 produced long slender type of grains. All the varieties/lines had higher translucent grains. Milling recovery in terms of percent brown rice, milled rice and head rice were highest on Blonde Red. Most of the varieties/lines had intermediate amylose content and gelatinization temperature. High crude protein was also noted on Blonde Red (9.5%)., while soft gel consistency was observed from CL-1 variety. Anthocyanin content was high in Dujali Black and Porac-1 due to their purple pigments in the bran. *L value of CL-1 variety was found lighter while Dujali Black and Porac-1 were noted to have darker grains. Unpolished Luna Red and Blonde Red obtained the highest positive *a value, while CL-1 was found to have negative *a value indicating toward greeness. On the other hand, *b value of unpolished and polished grains of CL-1 exhibited the highest, indicating towards yellowness. In terms of sensory attributes for raw rice, CL-1 and CLH10 3-4 were rated as "like" by the sensory evaluators and characterized as aromatic, no-off odor, glossy, slightly tender and tasty. With regard to cooked rice, Dujali Black, CL-1 and CLH10-3-4 were also "like" by evaluators.
Agronomic, biochemical and physiological responses of some spring wheat (Triticum alstivum L. em thell) cultivars to drought stress at reproductive stage
(1985) Gokarna Bahadur Gharti-Chhetri
Wheat crops are most likely to experience drought after anthesis under most growing conditions in the humid tropics. Nine spring wheat cultivars (seven from Nepal and two from the Philippines) grown in pots were exposed to 4, 8, 12 and 16 days of water stress starting at 50% head emergence by withholding water under glass house conditions. The treatments were arranged on a two-factorial in completely Randomized design, replicated four times. Concurrent measurements of leaf water potential (LWP), upper (Ru) and lower leaf surface (R1) stomatal resistances of flag leaf; soil moisture content (SMC) and nitrate reductase activity (NRA) determination were made through a 16-day period after cessation of irrigation. Free proline was determined from the same flag leaves. Grain protein content, yield and its components were also determined. Highly significant variety x stress duration interaction effect was observed on stomatal resistance (Rs), LWP, NRA, grain weight, harvest index (HI), SMC but it was not significant in number of grains/spike. NL 370, NL 496, NL 292 and Siddhartha exhibited drought avoidance by maintaining relatively higher LWP under water stress. Rs increased more on the lower than in the upper leaf surface under drought stress. Lerma 52, Triveni and Trigo 1 had sharp rise in their Rs even at mild stress in contrast to other varieties which had gradual increase in Rs as the drought progressed. Early maturing cultivars, namely: NL 496, NL 370, Siddartha and NL 292 had higher NRA than late-maturing cultivars under both stressed and non-stressed conditions. NRA decreased with increase in drought duration. Leaf proline and grain protein content increased as the drought progressed. Leaf proline had significant correlation with LWP (r = -0.80**), SMC (r = -0.48**) and Rs (r = 0.56**). Grain protein had strong negative correlation with SMC, LWP, grain filling duration and 100-grain weight. NL 496, NL 370, NL 292 and Trigo 2 had the higher SMC under different drought durations. Drought enhanced maturity and grain filling duration. Early maturing cultivars had longer grain filling duration than late-maturing ones. Drought affected the number of grains/spike and 100-grain weight. Genotypic variability in grain set was noted under water stress. Lerma 52 gave the highest but Siddhartha and NL 292 gave the lowest biological yield under water stress. Trigo 1 and Trigo 2 gave the highest grain yield under non-stress condition while Siddhartha, NL292, NL 370 and NL 495 produced the maximum grain yield and also HI unde stressed conditions. Considering the responses under different drought stress, early maturing namely Siddartha, NL 292, NL 370 and NL 496 are classified as the drought resisant and mid, late-maturing namely: Trigo i, UP 262, Lerma 52 and Triveni as the drought susceptible cultivars.
Among us : Examining the knowledge, attitude and practices of residents in Poblacion North Muñoz Nueva Ecija towards Facebook online scams
(2023) Earl Angelo C. Somera
The advancement of data and correspondence innovation expanded the improvement of the worldwide economy and advanced personal satisfaction. The web has made new ways for individuals all over the planet to convey, associate, interface, and even do monetary organizations. The arising patterns through online entertainment among the youthful and surprisingly, the older never appears to dial back. The web opened up such countless ways for individuals to impart, however such a tremendous internet-based range likewise underwrites namelessness. The obscurity that the web can give is being utilized by scammers to swindle their strategy for getting around individuals for monetary and individual additions. Given these setbacks in the related articles and literature, the study also aimed to fill the gap of localized literature concerning the spread of disinformation and its effects on the netizens of Nueva Ecija. The majority of respondents strongly dislike the idea of scammers on Facebook, are skeptical when messaged by strangers about selling items, and are not confident when talking to strangers on Facebook. They start to suspect strangers when asked about income or banking account details and are angry when they or someone they know gets scammed financially. Respondents are undecided if scammers are entirely bad people and if they trust buy and sell Facebook pages. Moreover, the majority of respondents feel uncomfortable when a stranger messages them without introducing themselves, and have reservations about buying items from anonymous sellers. They also take a long time to decide and consider changes to avoid being scammed again. Respondents strongly disagree about trusting anonymous sellers or potential scammers if they have been scammed before and they will never again trust unverified online sellers on facebook. Majority often think twice before talking to an online seller that they don't know. There are several connections between the conclusions drawn from the analyzed data on Facebook online scamming and the cognitive dissonance theory. First, the finding that the majority of respondents strongly dislike the idea of scammers on facebook, are angry when they or someone they know gets scammed financially and ignore Facebook messages indicating that they won a reward from a stranger can be related to cognitive dissonance theory. According to the theory individuals experience discomfort when their actions or beliefs are incongruent. In the case of Facebook online scamming, the respondents' beliefs that scammers are bad people and that they should not trust strangers on Facebook may have caused them to experience cognitive dissonance when faced with scamming attempts. To reduce this discomfort, they may have chosen to ignore scamming attempts and disengage from potential. Second, the finding that respondents strongly agree that they verify the profile of a seller before making a transaction and ignore profiles that lack personal information of suspicious-looking accounts can also be linked to cognitive dissonance theory. By verifying the profile of a seller, the respondents are aligning their actions with their beliefs that they should not trust strangers on Facebook. they may also be reducing the potential for cognitive dissonance by taking precautionary measures to avoid scamming attempts. Overall, the findings suggest that respondents are knowledgeable about Facebook online scamming and how to protect themselves. the connections to cognitive dissonance theory indicate that respondents' beliefs about scammers and their actions to protect themselves from scamming attempts are consistent and may be motivated by a desire to reduce cognitive dissonance.

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