Communities in Granarium

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Evaluation of bacterial blight resistance in marker assisted selection (MAS) Bred Rice Lines against Philippines Isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae
(2016) Ronel T. Aguilar, Jr.
Among rice diseases, bacterial blight (BB) was named as one of the most destructive causing yield losses ranging from 74 to 81% in severe conditions (Srinivasan and Gnanamanickam, 2005). Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), the causative agent of BB is a gram negative bacterial pathogen infecting the xylem of the rice, causing lesions and eventually leading to plant death (Liu et al., 2006). One of the major goals of rice improvement programs has been to develop rice cultivars with stable BB resistance. Through Marker Assisted Selection (MAS), rice breeders in the Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice) had generated several elite lines introgressed with 2 4 BB resistance genes in various combinations. In this study, thirteen promising MAS bred rice lines were evaluated for reactions to BB using three most virulent Xoo races (Pxo 99, Pxo 79 and Pxo 347) under controlled conditions. The absorbance at 600 nanometer (A600) of each inoculum suspension used was adjusted to 2.0 using Uv Vis spectrophotometer. IR24 and IRBB64 were used as susceptible and resistant checks, respectively. Datagathered were analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey HSD for multiple comparisons of means. Results revealed that the reaction to Xoo of MAS bred rice lines introgressed with Xa4 alone are not significantly different from Ir24. Further lines with Xa4 +Xa21 and Xa4+Xa7+Xa21 combinations showed high level of resistance comparable to IRBB64, which carries Xa4=Xa5+Xa7+Xa21. satistically, the level of resistance exhibited by rice lines introgressed with 2 4 BB resistance genes against the three selected Pxoo races was not significantly different. However, it has been predicted through regression analysis, that for every increase in the number of genes, there is a significant decrease in the leaf lesion length; thus it is imperative to pyramid lines with more than three BB resistance genes. Moreover, rice lines with at least two resistance genes prevented the expression of BB infection on grain apperance. Results of this study had once again proven the effectiveness of MAS in generating BB resistant rice.
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Pagbabago ng sekswal na oryentasyon ng mga kakabaihan [manuscript]
(2017) Ana Marie G. Lazaro
Ang pag aaral na ito ay tungkol sa Pagbabago ng Sekwal na Oryentasyon ng mga Kababaihan. Ang layunin ng pag aaral na ito ay malaman kung bakit ang mga kalahok ay humahantong sa kanilang pagbabago ng sekswal na oryentasyon, malaman ang kanilang tunay na damdamin, knilang dahilan, dulot ng ginawang pagbabago at kanilang natutunan sa kanilang ginagawang pagbabago. Ang ginamit na batayan ng pag aaral ay ang Interpretative Phenomenologicaly Analysis (Smith & Osborn, 2009). Ang mga kalahok ay nagmula s Science City of Munoz at Cabanatuan City. Sa tulong ng mga kakilala at kaibigan na isagawa ang pagkuha ng mga datos mula sa mga kalahok gamit ang pakikipagpanayam at pakikipagkwentuhan. Apat na Babae ang kalahok sa pag aaral na ito. Sila ang nagsisilbing "butch" o gumaganap bilang lalaki sa isang lesbiyan na pakikipagrelasyon. Lumalabas na kaya piniling magbago ng mga kalahok ay dahil sila ay nabigo sa pag ibig ng dahil sa mga babae. Naging dahilan nila ang pag asam na makabuo ng sariling pamilya at bigyang halaga ang damdamin ng mga mahal sa buhay lalo na ang kanilang magulang. Lumabas din sa pag aaral na kahit nahirapan sila sa pagbabagong ginawa ay nanatili pa din silang positibo at matibay sa kabila ng mga negatibong kritisismo. Ang pagkakaroon ng maayos na buhay, magandang kinabukasan, magandang pakikitungo sa mga mahal sa buhay at higit sa lahat ang pagkakaroon ng sariling pamilya sa ilan sa mga kalahok ang magandang dulot ng kanilang ginawang pagbabago. Sa pag-aaral na ito, masasabi ng mananaliksik na naging masaya ang mga kalahok sa kanilang desisyon na magbago ng sekswal na oryentasyon. Sa huli, natutunan nila na maaaring maging daan ito sa paglago ng kanilang pagkatao. Ang magingmaayos at masaya ang kanilang buhay na tinatahak. Mas naging malawak ang kanilang kaisipan tungkol realidad ng buhay. At wala silang anumang pagsisisi tungkol sa kanilang pagbabago at mga naging desisyon sa kanilang buhay.
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Efficiency of rice (Oryza sativa) husk biochar in the adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solution [manuscript]
(2017) Mikka Giddon R. Lora
Backgound: Water pollution becomes more serious because of the development of many industries. Heavy metals are one of the major contributors of water pollution. Heavy metal contaminated water can cause risk and adverse effect on human health. Adsorption is an effective technique in removing water contaminants. Biochar derived from rice husk was used as an adsorbent in removing cadmium from aqueous solution. Methods: Batch adsorption experiments were conductes. The adsorption parameters (pH, initial metal concentration and contact) were optimized. The solutions were shaken in an automatic shaker with a speed of 200 rpm. The biochar residues were digested using US EPA Method 3050B. Concentration of cadmium adsorbed in the biochar was determined using Microwave-plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results: The highest removal capacity of cadmium from aqueous solution reached 57.63% and was observed at pH 8, initial metal concentration of 30.0 mg L-1 and 6 h of contact time. Kinetic study showed that the adsorption process was described by pseudo-second order model. Adsorption isotherm study showed that the adsorption both fit to Langmuir and Freundlich model. Conclusions: Result showed that rice husk biochar can be an effective adsorbent in removing cadmium from water.
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Synthesis, characterization, and drug release properties of lidocaine-loaded porous (Rice Husk) nanosilica/polycaprolactone fiber composites [manuscript]
(2017) Alquin V. Ilagan
Background: Prolonging drug release has acknowledged much research using incorporation of drugs in biocompatible fiber composites that permit drugs to be released for longer time periods in a controlled manner to help solve biological and medical problems. In this study, lidocaine-loaded nanosilica/PCL fiber composites with differing amount of nanosilica incorporated to the polymer solution were evaluated for cumulative release to examine the protracting effect of silica nanoparticles on the release of lidocaine from fiber composites to the PBS solution. Methods: Rice husk samples were ashed at 650C for 6h, digested with 2.5N NaOH for 4h, precipitated with 5N H2SO4, aged for 24h, and dried at 80C for 24h to produce silica nanoparticles and were examined using FTIR, SEM, and XRD. Lidocaine was loaded to silica nanoparticles using 300mg of each component stirred for 6h, centrifuged, and collected to determine the initial amount of lidocaine loaded to the nanoparticles. The electrospun composites were evaluated for evaluated for cumulative release immersed in PBS solution and shaken at 100 cycles/min. The adsorbance of each solution was determined at time intervals: 2, 4, 26, 49, 72, and 74th Results: The average diameter of nanosilica was determined to be 15.94 nm and had amorphous and nontoxic character. After 74h time period, each composite achieved release equilibrium at time between 72 and 74h. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of relative functional groups for nanosilica and fiber composites. The cumulative release percentage of fiber composites, established that the highest nanosilica content(5 wt%) gave the lowest released amount of 45.99% compared to 55.96% for 3 wt%, 59.60% for 1 wt%, and 88.58 for pure PCL. Conclusion: Drug loading and incorporation of silica nanoparticles from rice husk ash to fabricate fiber composites can prolong and improve drug release characteristics.
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Karanasan ng mga batang prostityut sa Nueva Ecija [manuscript]
(2017) Hannah Milar G. Jimenez
Isang kwalitatibo ang pag-aaral na ito na naglalyong pag-aralan ang karanasan ng mga batang prostityut sa Nueva Ecija. Nakipagkwentuhan ang mananaliksik sa mga kalahok kung saaninterpretative phenomenological analysisang ginamit sa pag-aanalisa ng datos. Lumabas sa pag-aaral na ito na ang mga pangunahing dahilan ng mga bata kung bakit nila pinasok ang pagiging prostityut ay ang pagkaranas ng pag-aabusong sekswal, pang-aabusong pisikal, nabibili ang mga luho, ginawang tulay ang pagiging prostityut upang makalimot sa madilim na nakaraan, impluwensya ng kaibigan, malaking bilang ng pamilya, pagkakaroon ng responsibilidad sa murang edad, kawalan ng pagtustos sa bisyo at iba pang pangangailangan at maliit na sahod dahil hindi nakapagaral. Sa uri ng trabahong mayroon ang mga kalahok sila ay nakaranas ng mga suliranin ito ang pagkaranas ng pang-aabuso, kulang na kabayaran, pagkadelay ng buwanang dalaw, pagkatakot at paghuhusga sa kanyang pagkatao. Nakaapekto din ang trabaho ng mga kalahok sa kanilang damdamin, sila ay nakaramdam ng galit sa kanyang tatay, takot na pagalitan at itakwil ng kanyang nanay, nakokonsensya, nakaramdam din.