UNDERGRADUATE

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Browsing UNDERGRADUATE by Adviser "ANNIE MELINDA PAZ-ALBERTO, Ph.D."

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    Biodiversity assessment of Mangrove Ecosystems in selected coastal municipalities Zambales, Philippines [manuscript]
    (2019) Glydeline B. Abalos
    Mangroves are considered as the most important components of the coastal ecosystem and among the most productive and biologically complex ecosystems on the planet. Mangrove ecosystems in the world has been decreasing in an alarming rate that poses a big threat to destruction of the marine ecosystem. Assessment of mangrove species plays a critical role in the conservation and protection of the mangroves forest. Hence, this study was conducted to assess the biodiversity of mangrove ecosystem in selected municipalities in Zambales, Philippines. Specifically it aimed (1) collect, describe, classify and identify the different mangrove trees, associated plants, vertebrates species and fishes in mangrove ecosystems (2) determine the endemic mangrove species and economic importance of these marine organisms as well as the keystone species present in the mangrove ecosystems (3) determine the environmental and ecological parameters of the collected and identified mangrove, associated plants, fishes and vertebrate species (4) generate diversity map of mangrove, associated plants, fishes and vertebrates species present in the study area and (5) determine the environmental problems and threats that could affect the diversity and habitat of these marine organisms. A total of five (5) species of mangrove, one (1) associated plant and eight (8) species of vertebrates were present abd identified in the municipality of Palaguig and Masinloc, Zambales. The mangroves identified were: Rhizophorz mucronata Lamk, Rhizophora apiculate BI, someratia alba J. Sm, Osbornia octodonta (Lam.) Roem., Rhizophora stylosa Griff, while the associated plant was Gmelina arborea Roxb. The vertebrates observed were: Chanos chanos, Gnathanodon speciousus Forsskal, Valamugil buchanani, hemiramphus sp., Oreochromis niloticus. Anthus hodgsoni, Bubulcus ibis, Nycticorax nycticorax, Periophthalmus kalolo. Dynamite fishing posed major impact in the mangrove ecosystem in Zambales. Other threats such as solid waste, toxic chemical hazard, tourism spot, poachers sedimentation/ siltation and mine tailing got moderate impacts which could affect the mangrove ecosystem and its biodiversity. Hence, protection and conservation of mangrove ecosystem is very important to prevent biodiversity loss and economic loss.
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    Diversity assessment in selected Seagrass Ecosystems of Zambales, Philippines [manuscript]
    (2019) Anna Dominique G. Soniega
    Seagrass ecosystems is considered to be one of the most important resources in the coastal areas and has significant importance to the fisheries. It is home for many marine organism. Dugongs and turtles are very much dependent on seagrass for them to survive. Seagrass can be found along coastlines of all continents. The study identified and classified the different seagrass species and associates in the area. It determined the function of the marine organisms. This study identified the threats that causes the degradation of seagrass ecosystem. A total of seven seagrass species have been identified namely: Cymodocearotundata, Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii, Syringodium esoelifolium, Halodule uninervis, Enhalus acoroides and Halophila ovalis. Cymodocea rotundata got the highest IVI in Candelaria. Thalassia hemprichii got the highest IVI in Barangays Lipay, Libaba and Garreta while Enhalus acoroides had the highest IVIin Magalawa Island and Barangay Sto. Tomas. The species diversity of seagrass ecosystems in Zambales, Philippines is very low. Marine organisms functions as source of food, medicine, fibre, fuel, fertilizer, handicraft and others such as horticulture, bioindicator and beach cleaner. Dynamite fishing and quarrying posed major impacts in the seagrass ecosystems in Zambales.
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    Diversity assessment of seaweeds in Mangrove and Seagrass Ecosystems in selected coastal municipalities Zambales, Philippines [manuscript]
    (2019) Kathleen Mae C. Bautista
    This study aimed to determine the different kinds of seaweeds present in seagrass and mangrove ecosystems, the distribution pattern of the seaweeds, the economic and ecological value and the threats and problems that could affect the seaweeds. The collection of seaweeds in seagrass and mangrove ecosystems made use of random sampling method and quadrat method in selected coastal resources in the municipalities of Palguig, Masinloc, Sta. Cruz, and Candelaria Zambales, Philippines. Seaweeds from the area were collected, described, identified, classified and preserved. The vegetation of the area was determined using different ecological parameters. Results of the study revealed that there were 8 species of seaweeds existed in the seagrass and mangrove ecosystem, namely: Sargassum ilicifolium, Sargasum fulvellum, Turbinaria ornate, Halimeda macroloba, Padina australis, Neomeris annulata, Sargassum polycystum and Sargassum muticum. From the eight (8) seaweeds species that were collected, Sargassum fulvellum had the highest importance value index from the four selected coastal municipalities in Zambales. The species diversity of the seaweeds is very low in the selected mangrove and seagrass ecosystems in the four coastal municipalities in Zambales that had been assessed and monitored. The seaweeds are sources of food and medicines, used as fertilizers, cosmetics and for the extraction of industrial gums and chemicals. Based on the survey done, the seagrass and mangrove ecosystems had been greatly affected by human activities and natural calamities.