Avocado (Persea americana) aqueous leaf extract as additive in the transport medium of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings [manuscript]
| dc.contributor.author | Aphrodite S. Entoma | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-10-07T01:44:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-10-07T01:44:49Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Since the introduction of the Nile tilapia in the Philippine in the 1970's the culture and production of tilapia has progressed in leaps and bounds. As production techniques improved, tilapia moved into the mainstream market. Producers practiced the method of live fish transportation and it is now a common necessity in aquaculture. Numerous chemical additives can be added to the transport water to alleviate several problems associated in the bag shipment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. american aqueous leaf extract as an additive in the transport medium of Nile tilapia fingerlings. On the 1st phase of the experiment, toxicity test of different concentrations (0, 1, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ml) of P. americana aqueous leaf extract in size #22 Nile tilapia fingerlings revealed 10 percent mortality at 3.33 ml/L and 50 percent mortality at 106.42 ml/L. Mortality was attributed to the deterioration of water quality as duaration of transportation increased. On the 2nd phase, different concentrations (0, 1, 5, 3 and 4.5 ml per L of water) of P. americana aqueous leaf extract were used as water additives in the transport medium at 6, 12, 24, and 48 h of transpor. Results showed that mean survival rate was not affected by the interaction and duration of transport (P=0.889). Likewise, survival rates between treatment concentrations (P=0.290) were not significantly different from each other althouh transport bags with extract showed numerically higher survival rates the that of the control. Meanwhile, survival rate was significantly influenced by duration of transportation (P,0.01). The mean survival rate on the 6th h was comparable to that on the 12th h but was significantly higher than those on the 24th h 36th and 48th h while mean survival rate on the 12th h was comparable to that on the 24th h but significantly higher than those on the 36th and 48th h. Meanwhile, mean survival rate on the 24th h was significantly higher than those on the 36th h and 48th h and that of the 36th was significantly higher than that on the 48th h. Temperature readings and pH levels during the 48 h simulated transportation were within the ideal range for growth and survival. However,, DO levels of the different concentrations decreased continuously as transport duration progressed. This scenario, however, is common in live fish transportation. DO being the most important single factor in transporting fish contributed to the mortality of the fingerlings. Total-ammonia nitrogen, on the other hand, have no significant effect on the mortality of the fish because at transportation time where the TAN levels were significantly higher (6th, 12th and 24th h) survival rates were still high. Results showed that survival rate was significantly correlated to DO (r=0.920, P=0.000, n=48), pH(r=0.615, P=0.000, n=48) and ammonia (r=0.878, P=0.000, n=48) but was not significantly correlated to temperature (r=0.310, P=0.320, n=48). | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://granarium.clsu.edu.ph/handle/123456789/663 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.relation.supervisor | EMMANUEL M. VERA CRUZ | |
| dc.title | Avocado (Persea americana) aqueous leaf extract as additive in the transport medium of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) fingerlings [manuscript] | |
| dc.type | Thesis |