Mycochemical screening, anti-oxidant activity, cytotoxic and teratogenic property of Boletus sp. collected from Central Luzon State University
Date
2019
Authors
Lyra Mae DC. Villanueva
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Abstract
Health benefits of regular consumption of macrofungi or bioactive compounds isolated from mushroom and the use of its functional food or nutraceutical product gain great importance, when it comes to the potential pharmacological properties of edible macrofungi. Several studies have been conducted on various macrofungi, however little is known about the Boletus sp. collected from Central Luzon State University.
In this study, secondary metabolites were detected using thin layer chromatography. DPPH radical scavenging using Artemia salina nauplii in different treatment concentrations and Danio rerio was used to evaluate the teratogenicity in different concentrations of Boletus sp. extract.
Boletus sp. generally exhibited significant human healthful benefits. Its mycochemical constituents such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, anthrons, courmarines, essential oils, fatty acids, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, tannins and triterpenes which contribute to its bioactivity are essential to the pharmacological activity. A great potential source of antioxidant compounds was exhibited by the mushroom with 26.09% radical scavenging activity and appreciable amounts of total phenolic content with 26.92%. After24 hours of exposure of brine shrimp nauplii to varying concentrations, 1000ppm and 1000 ppm is not comparable to the control. However, 100 ppm is comparable to 500 ppm which suggests that Boletus sp. has high toxicity containing bioactive compounds with LC50 of 34.25 ppm making it highly toxic.
The varying treatment concentrations of Boletus sp. significantly revealed high mortality rates of the developing D. rerio embryos and suggest hatchability success within 36 hours of exposure. In terms of hearbeat, embryos exposed or lower concentrations, 0.10% with 143.33 beats per minute and 148 beats per minute in 0.05% were not significantly different with embryos in the control having 145.80 beats per minute while embryos at higher concentrations obtained 100% mortality, thus hearbeat wate was not observed. Boletus sp. extract generally exhibited teratogenic activity such as growth reatardation, scoliosis, stunted tail, malformation of head, malformation of tail, limited movement and little pigmentation were the notable teratogenic effects of the extract to the developing embryos. Coagulation and no hearbeat were the most observed toxic effects.