Phytochemical screening and determination of the biological activities of Bambusa blumeana J. A. and J.H. Schultes and Bambusa vulgaris Schrad. ex Wendl. shoot extracts [manuscript]
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Date
2017
Authors
Kimberly C. Austria
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Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical constituent and to determine the different biological activities which include the antibacterial properties, antioxidant activity and phenolic content of the ethanol and hot water extracts of Bambuas blumeana (Kawayang Tinik) and Bambusa vulgaris (Kawayang Kiling) shoots.
Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, saponins and tannins in all tested bamboo extracts. However, flavonoids are only found in ethanol and hot water extract of B. bulgaris, while steroids and terpenoids are present only in the ethanol extract of the tested bamboo shoots. Antibacterial activities as eradicant and protectant against E. coli and S. aureus were evaluated at 12 and 24 hrs of incubation. For eradicant test against E. coli. at 12 and 24 hours of incubation the widest zone of inhibition was observed in plates treated with B. blumeana ethanol extract with 10.05 mm while in S. aureus the widest zone of inhibition was observed in plates treated with B. bulgaris with 14.63 mm and 13.76 mm, respectively at 12 and 24 hours of incubation. Moreover, protectant test showed that the smallest zone of bacterial colonization of E. coli and S. aureus were observed in plates treated with B. vulgaris ethanol extract with 7.54 mm, 6 mm, 14.25 mm and 8.89 mm respectively, at 12 and 24 hours of incubation.
DPPH radical scavenging assay and total phenolic content revealed the antioxidant potential of bamboo shoots. Among the tested bamboo shoot, B. blumeana ethanol extract had the highest radical scavenging activity while B. vullgaris had the highest total phenolic content.
The results of this study showed that the antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of the bamboo shoot extracts tested that can be attributed to their phytochemical composition, total phenolic contents and radical scavenging activities.