Mycochemical, cytotoxic and teratogenic assessment of Ganoderma applanatum collected from Casiguran Aurora
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Date
2023
Authors
Ana Shiela Mae C. Iglesias
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Abstract
Mushrooms are reported to contain medicinal and nutritional purposes, and they have become an interest in the pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industry in the Philippines. However, even though they are considered as potent great sources for drug discovery, some mushrooms also exhibit negative effects such as cytotoxic and teratogenic activities which can also be a source of anti-cancer drugs. Ganoderma applanatum collected from Casiguran Aurora extracted with ethanol was screened for its mycochemical composition, assessed for its cytotoxicity using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and teratogenicity using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos. Based on the mycochemical screening, secondary metabolites including essential oils, phenols, coumarins, anthrones and alkaloids were present in the G. applanatum ethanol extract. Furthermore, the G. applanatum ethanol extract projected an LC50 of 91.06697 ppm which suggest high toxicity. Additionally, the ethanol extract with 1250 and 100 ppm is highly toxic to D. embryos after 12 hours of exposure whereas growth retardation in the same time frame was observed from ≤750 ppm. After 48 hours, developing embryos exposed to all varying concentrations garnered a 100% mortality rate. Based on the findings, coagulation was the most remarkable lethal effect. Whereas growth retardation was the most notable teratogenic effect. Overall, the findings suggest that cytotoxic and teratogenic activities are present in G. applanatum which may possibly be accredited to the secondary metabolites detected in the G. applanatum ethanol extract and may contribute to the increasing demand for medicinal drugs in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industry in the Philippines in treating various diseases.
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Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology