Major practice in dairy production and milk processing [manuscript]
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Date
2020
Authors
Monico M. Famularcano Jr.
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Abstract
The Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Central Luzon State University, offers major practice program as an option to undergraduate thesis. It was designed to expose the student to the practical and proper management of the dairy animals and the farm as well as milk processing in order to acquire technical and managerial skills needed in actual farm condition.
The major practice was conducted at the Philippine Carabao Center at CLSU Dairy Farm and was assigned to the production area for five months, from July to November 2019, a total of two days for milk processing at PCC outlet. The farm provided all the necessary inputs for the production such as forage, housing, animals, cleaning and sanitation equipment, veterinary drugs, light, water, feeds and other facilities.. Technical skills and management practices like feeding, cleaning and sanitation veterinary drug administration, milking and milk handling were done by the major practice student with the close supervision of the farm manager, veterinarian and farm workers.
The average herd inventory of the PCC Dairy Farm at the time of major practice was 156 animals. The total of nine (9) calves were born from June to November.
The total milk produced during the major practice was 19,420.90 kg. The highest production of milk was in the month of July with 4,317.55 kg. while the lowest was during the month of October with 3,248.60 kg. About 12,255.05 kg of total milk produced was processed, while others where fed to calves and for milk analysis.
Pasteurized milk, choco milk, lacto juice, yogurt milk, whey milk, kesong puti, pastillas de leche, polvoron, milkaroons, etc. were the milk products manufactured and sold in the PCC outlet.
The farm sources of income during the major practice includes milk production, selling live and slaughtered animals and sales of manure. Thus, the total income of the farm was Php 1,953,988.31, while the total expenses was Php 1,840,575.84. The resulting net income was Php 113,412.47 and the computed return on expenses (ROE) was 6.16%.